The recommended treatment is oral erythromycin base or ethylsuccinate 50 mg per kg daily in four divided doses for 14 days. This acute mucopurulent conjunctival infection is associated with concomitant genitourinary tract chlamydia infection. If the diagnosis is suspected, a specimen from an everted lid collected using a Dacron swab should be sent for culture. Special culture media are required. Treatment consists of doxycycline mg twice daily for one to three weeks or erythromycin mg four times daily for one to three weeks.
Trachoma is a chronic or recurrent ocular infection that leads to scarring of the eyelids. This scarring often inverts the eyelids, causing abnormal positioning of the eyelashes that can scratch and damage the bulbar conjunctiva. Trachoma is the primary source of infectious blindness in the world, affecting primarily the rural poor in Asia and Africa. It is easily spread via direct contact, poor hygiene, and flies. Although it has been eradicated in the United States, physicians may encounter cases in immigrants from endemic areas or during global health work.
Treatment has focused primarily on antibiotics Table 1 1 , 15 — Although the World Health Organization has instituted its SAFE surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, and environmental improvement program, the large heterogeneity of studies has not clearly identified which of these modalities are most effective at stemming the disease.
Mass community treatment, in which all members of a community receive antibiotics, has been found to be effective for up to two years following treatment, but recurrence and scarring remain problematic. Data Sources: We performed a Clinical Query PubMed search using the search terms Chlamydia trachomatis with limits including: humans, clinical trial, meta-analysis, practice guideline, randomized controlled trial, review, English, and being published within the past five years.
The choice of authorship of this review also coincided with the publication of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Treatment Guidelines, Articles referenced in this review were considered. Preventive Services Task Force using the same search terms.
Search date: December 16, Already a member or subscriber? Log in. Interested in AAFP membership? Learn more. NW, Washington, DC e-mail: mishorir georgetown. Reprints are not available from the authors. Epidemiology and control of trachoma: systematic review. Trop Med Int Health. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STD trends in the United States: national data for gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis Snapshot sexually transmitted diseases in Accessed May 21, Chlamydia — CDC fact sheet.
STD trends in the United States: national data for gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis. The distribution of chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis cases across states and counties in the USA, Sex Transm Infect.
Accessed March 6, Health and cost-benefits of chlamydia screening in young women. Sex Transm Dis. Prevalence of chlamydial and gonococcal infections among young adults in the United States. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among men screened in 4 U. Rectal chlamydia—a reservoir of undiagnosed infection in men who have sex with men. Stamm WE, Holmes K. Chlamydia trachomatis infections of the adult. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Systematic review: noninvasive testing for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Ann Intern Med. Alarmingly poor performance in Chlamydia trachomatis point-of-care testing. Azithromycin versus doxycycline for genital chlamydial infections: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Single-dose azithromycin versus erythromycin or amoxicillin for Chlamydia trachomatis infection during pregnancy: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Antimicrob Agents. The evolving story of chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis.
Curr Opin Rheumatol. Combination antibiotics as a treatment for chronic chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective trial. Arthritis Rheum. Darville T. Chlamydia trachomatis infections in neonates and young children.
Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. The Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy Sperryville, Va. Azithromycin vs doxycycline in the treatment of inclusion conjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol. Antibiotics for trachoma Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Expedited partner therapy in the management of sexually transmitted diseases Atlanta, Ga:. Department of Health and Human Services; Accessed March 21, Screening for chlamydia infection: recommendation statement.
Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Management of genital chlamydia trachomatis infection. March Accessed November 26, The cost-effectiveness of screening men for Chlamydia trachomatis : a review of the literature. Should asymptomatic men be included in chlamydia screening programs?
Cost-effectiveness of chlamydia screening among male and female entrants to a national job training program. Population-based outreach for chlamydia screening in men: results from a randomized trial. Internet-based screening for sexually transmitted infections to reach nonclinic populations in the community: risk factors for infection in men.
Horner PJ, Boag F. Accessed March 22, Non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases as risk factors for HIV-1 transmission in women: results from a cohort study. Chlamydia trachomatis and risk of prevalent and incident cervical premalignancy in a population-based cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst.
In , scientists isolated the bacteria from a respiratory culture for the first time. This development helped scientists understand how C. Scientists classify C. The clinical presentation of C.
Since C. The number of people who get sick from a C. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Powerpoint slides. Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials. US National Guidelines Clearinghouse. NICE Guidance.
FDA on Chlamydia infection historical perspective. CDC on Chlamydia infection historical perspective. Chlamydia infection historical perspective in the news. Blogs on Chlamydia infection historical perspective. Directions to Hospitals Treating Chlamydia infection. Risk calculators and risk factors for Chlamydia infection historical perspective.
Chlamydia trachomatis was first discovered in by Halberstaedter and von Prowazek. Template:WikiDoc Sources. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. PMID
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